Estonia
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Previous editions
Further country information
Selected indicators for Estonia Share
Population
Population, Million persons, 2000-2020
Population, Annual growth rate (%), 2020
1.3 million
Growth rate: 0.2%
Income inequality
Income inequality, 0 = complete equality; 1 = complete inequality, latest available year
Education
Mathematics performance (PISA), Mean score, 2018
Reading performance (PISA), Mean score, 2018
Science performance (PISA), Mean score, 2018
CO2 emissions
Air and GHG emissions, Carbon dioxide (CO2), latest available year
6.5 tonnes per capita
GDP
Gross domestic product (GDP), US dollars/capita, 2021
Real GDP forecast, Annual growth rate (%), 2023
42 185 US$ per capita
Debt
Household debt, % of net disposable income, 2020
General government debt, % of GDP, 2020
Household debt:
80.5 % of disposable income
Government debt:
24.8 % of GDP
Tax
Tax on personal income, % of GDP, 2020
6.2 % of GDP
Unemployment
<%unemployment-latest-value-info-bubble%>
<%unemployment-latest-value%> % of labour force
Country profile of Estonia
Agriculture | Latest | Trend | Ranking | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Agricultural landIndicator |
285.00
Permanent pasture Thousand hectares 2020 Estonia Thousand hectares |
![]() Thousand hectares 2001-2020 Estonia (red) |
![]() Thousand hectares 2020 Estonia (red) |
|
Agricultural supportIndicator | ||||
Crop productionIndicator | ||||
Fish landingsIndicator |
77 232.0
National landings in domestic ports Tonnes 2018 Estonia Tonnes |
![]() Tonnes 2005-2018 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
![]() Tonnes 2018 Estonia (red) |
|
Nutrient balanceIndicator |
28.0
Nitrogen Kilograms/hectare 2012 Estonia Kilograms/hectare |
![]() Kilograms/hectare 2004-2012 Estonia (red) |
![]() Kilograms/hectare 2019 |
Find all indicators on Agriculture
Development | Latest | Trend | Ranking | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Distribution of net ODAIndicator |
2.2
Least developed countries Million US dollars 2020 Estonia Million US dollars |
![]() Million US dollars 2002-2020 Estonia (red), DAC Countries (black) |
![]() Million US dollars 2020 Estonia (red), DAC Countries (black) |
|
Grants by private agencies and NGOsIndicator |
-0.5
Total Million US dollars 2020 Estonia Million US dollars |
![]() Million US dollars 2014-2020 Estonia (red), DAC Countries (black) |
||
Net ODAIndicator |
0.2
ODA grant equivalent % of gross national income 2021 Estonia % of gross national income |
![]() % of gross national income 2018-2021 Estonia (red), DAC Countries (black) |
![]() % of gross national income 2021 Estonia (red), DAC Countries (black) |
|
Private flowsIndicator | ||||
Total official and private flowsIndicator |
Find all indicators on Development
Economy | Latest | Trend | Ranking | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Composite leading indicator (CLI)Indicator |
99.95
Amplitude adjusted Long-term average = 100 May-2022 Estonia Long-term average = 100 |
|||
Household disposable incomeIndicator | ||||
Labour compensation per hour workedIndicator |
-1.5
Total Annual growth rate (%) 2021 Estonia Annual growth rate (%) |
![]() Annual growth rate (%) 2002-2021 Estonia (red) |
![]() Annual growth rate (%) 2020 Estonia (red) |
|
Net national incomeIndicator |
30 597
Total US dollars/capita 2020 Estonia US dollars/capita |
![]() US dollars/capita 2001-2020 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
![]() US dollars/capita 2020 Estonia (red) |
|
Trade in goods and servicesIndicator |
80.5
Exports % of GDP 2021 Estonia % of GDP |
![]() % of GDP 2002-2021 Estonia (red) |
![]() % of GDP 2021 Estonia (red) |
Find all indicators on Economy
Education | Latest | Trend | Ranking | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Education spendingIndicator |
17 433
Tertiary US dollars/student 2018 Estonia US dollars/student |
![]() US dollars/student 2005-2018 Estonia (red) |
![]() US dollars/student 2018 Estonia (red) |
|
Mathematics performance (PISA)Indicator |
528
Boys Mean score 2018 Estonia Mean score |
![]() Mean score 2006-2018 Estonia (red), OECD - Average (black) |
![]() Mean score 2018 Estonia (red), OECD - Average (black) |
|
Reading performance (PISA)Indicator |
508
Boys Mean score 2018 Estonia Mean score |
![]() Mean score 2006-2018 Estonia (red), OECD - Average (black) |
![]() Mean score 2018 Estonia (red), OECD - Average (black) |
|
Science performance (PISA)Indicator |
528
Boys Mean score 2018 Estonia Mean score |
![]() Mean score 2006-2018 Estonia (red), OECD - Average (black) |
![]() Mean score 2018 Estonia (red), OECD - Average (black) |
|
Youth not in employment, education or training (NEET)Indicator |
4.7
15-19 year-old men % in same age group 2020 Estonia % in same age group |
![]() % in same age group 2003-2020 Estonia (red), OECD - Average (black) |
![]() % in same age group 2020 Estonia (red), OECD - Average (black) |
Find all indicators on Education
Energy | Latest | Trend | Ranking | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Crude oil productionIndicator |
0.0
Total Thousand toe 2017 Estonia Thousand toe |
![]() Thousand toe 1998-2017 Estonia (red) |
![]() Thousand toe 2017 Estonia (red) |
|
Infrastructure investmentIndicator |
244 000 000.00
Road Euro 2020 Estonia Euro |
![]() Euro 2001-2020 Estonia (red) |
![]() Euro 2019 Estonia (red) |
|
Passenger transportIndicator | ||||
Primary energy supplyIndicator |
0.11
Total Toe/1 000 US dollars 2020 Estonia Toe/1 000 US dollars |
![]() Toe/1 000 US dollars 2001-2020 Estonia (red) |
![]() Toe/1 000 US dollars 2020 Estonia (red) |
|
Road accidentsIndicator |
45
Deaths Per 1 000 000 inhabitants 2020 Estonia Per 1 000 000 inhabitants |
![]() Per 1 000 000 inhabitants 2001-2020 Estonia (red) |
![]() Per 1 000 000 inhabitants 2020 Estonia (red) |
Environment | Latest | Trend | Ranking | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Air and GHG emissionsIndicator |
6.5
Carbon dioxide (CO2) Tonnes/capita 2020 Estonia Tonnes/capita |
![]() Tonnes/capita 2001-2020 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
![]() Tonnes/capita 2020 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
|
Municipal wasteIndicator |
384.1
Total Kilograms/capita 2020 Estonia Kilograms/capita |
![]() Kilograms/capita 2001-2020 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
![]() Kilograms/capita 2019 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
|
Water withdrawalsIndicator |
848.0
Total Million m3 2020 Estonia Million m3 |
![]() Million m3 2001-2020 Estonia (red) |
![]() Million m3 2017 Estonia (red) |
Find all indicators on Environment
Finance | Latest | Trend | Ranking | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Broad money (M3)Indicator | ||||
Long-term interest ratesIndicator |
1.5
Total % per annum Apr-2022 Estonia % per annum |
![]() % per annum Sep-2020-Apr-2022 Estonia (red) |
![]() % per annum May-2022 |
|
Net pension replacement ratesIndicator |
33.8
Men % of pre-retirement earnings 2020 Estonia % of pre-retirement earnings |
![]() % of pre-retirement earnings 2014-2020 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
![]() % of pre-retirement earnings 2020 Estonia (red) |
|
Net pension wealthIndicator |
4.8
Men Multiple of annual gross earnings 2020 Estonia Multiple of annual gross earnings |
![]() Multiple of annual gross earnings 2014-2020 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
![]() Multiple of annual gross earnings 2020 Estonia (red) |
|
Short-term interest ratesIndicator |
-0.4
Total % per annum May-2022 Estonia % per annum |
![]() % per annum Oct-2020-May-2022 Estonia (red), Euro area (19 countries) (black) |
![]() % per annum May-2022 Estonia (red), Euro area (19 countries) (black) |
Find all indicators on Finance
Government | Latest | Trend | Ranking | |
---|---|---|---|---|
General government spendingIndicator |
45.9
Total % of GDP 2020 Estonia % of GDP |
![]() % of GDP 2001-2020 Estonia (red) |
![]() % of GDP 2020 Estonia (red) |
|
Government reservesIndicator |
295.1
Total SDR millions Q4-2014 Estonia SDR millions |
![]() SDR millions Q1-2010-Q4-2014 Estonia (red) |
![]() SDR millions Q4-2014 Estonia (red) |
|
Tax on corporate profitsIndicator |
1.7
Total % of GDP 2020 Estonia % of GDP |
![]() % of GDP 2001-2020 Estonia (red), OECD - Average (black) |
![]() % of GDP 2020 Estonia (red) |
|
Tax revenueIndicator |
34.5
Total % of GDP 2020 Estonia % of GDP |
![]() % of GDP 2001-2020 Estonia (red), OECD - Average (black) |
![]() % of GDP 2020 Estonia (red), OECD - Average (black) |
|
Tax wedgeIndicator |
38.1
Total % of labour cost 2021 Estonia % of labour cost |
![]() % of labour cost 2002-2021 Estonia (red), OECD - Average (black) |
![]() % of labour cost 2021 Estonia (red), OECD - Average (black) |
Find all indicators on Government
Health | Latest | Trend | Ranking | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Health spendingIndicator |
2 949
Total US dollars/capita 2020 Estonia US dollars/capita |
![]() US dollars/capita 2001-2020 Estonia (red) |
![]() US dollars/capita 2019 Estonia (red) |
|
Hospital bedsIndicator |
4.5
Total Per 1 000 inhabitants 2019 Estonia Per 1 000 inhabitants |
![]() Per 1 000 inhabitants 2000-2019 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
![]() Per 1 000 inhabitants 2019 Estonia (red) |
|
Length of hospital stayIndicator |
6.20
Acute care Days 2019 Estonia Days |
![]() Days 2000-2019 Estonia (red) |
![]() Days 2019 Estonia (red) |
|
Life expectancy at birthIndicator |
74.2
Men Years 2020 Estonia Years |
![]() Years 2001-2020 Estonia (red) |
![]() Years 2020 Estonia (red) |
|
Overweight or obese populationIndicator |
51.3
Measured % of population aged 15+ 2014 Estonia % of population aged 15+ |
![]() % of population aged 15+ 2014 Estonia (red) |
Innovation and Technology | Latest | Trend | Ranking | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Gross domestic spending on R&DIndicator |
1.8
Total % of GDP 2020 Estonia % of GDP |
![]() % of GDP 2001-2020 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
![]() % of GDP 2020 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
|
ICT value addedIndicator |
6.9
Total % of value added 2011 Estonia % of value added |
![]() % of value added 2011 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
||
Internet accessIndicator |
91.8
Total % of all households 2021 Estonia % of all households |
![]() % of all households 2005-2021 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
![]() % of all households 2021 Estonia (red) |
|
Mobile broadband subscriptionsIndicator |
173.2
Total Per 100 inhabitants Q2-2021 Estonia Per 100 inhabitants |
![]() Per 100 inhabitants Q4-2011-Q2-2021 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
![]() Per 100 inhabitants Q2-2021 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
|
Triadic patent familiesIndicator |
4.8
Total Number 2019 Estonia Number |
![]() Number 2000-2019 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
![]() Number 2019 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
Find all indicators on Innovation and Technology
Jobs | Latest | Trend | Ranking | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Average wagesIndicator |
30 720.3
Total US dollars 2020 Estonia US dollars |
![]() US dollars 2001-2020 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
![]() US dollars 2020 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
|
Employment rateIndicator |
76.3
Total % of working age population Q1-2022 Estonia % of working age population |
![]() % of working age population Q2-2017-Q1-2022 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
![]() % of working age population Q4-2021 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
|
Hours workedIndicator |
1 654
Total Hours/worker 2020 Estonia Hours/worker |
![]() Hours/worker 2001-2020 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
![]() Hours/worker 2020 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
|
Long-term unemployment rateIndicator |
25.3
Total % of unemployed 2021 Estonia % of unemployed |
![]() % of unemployed 2002-2021 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
![]() % of unemployed 2021 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
|
Self-employment rateIndicator |
8.6
Total % of employment 1999 Estonia % of employment |
![]() % of employment 1995-1999 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
![]() % of employment 2020 |
Society | Latest | Trend | Ranking | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Fertility ratesIndicator |
1.58
Total Children/woman 2020 Estonia Children/woman |
![]() Children/woman 2001-2020 Estonia (red) |
![]() Children/woman 2020 Estonia (red) |
|
National population distributionIndicator |
11.5
Urban regions Percentage 2014 Estonia Percentage |
![]() Percentage 2014 Estonia (red) |
||
Permanent immigrant inflowsIndicator | ||||
Poverty rateIndicator |
0.15
Total Ratio 2019 Estonia Ratio |
![]() Ratio 2013-2019 Estonia (red) |
![]() Ratio 2018 Estonia (red) |
|
Social spendingIndicator |
17.7
Public % of GDP 2019 Estonia % of GDP |
![]() % of GDP 2000-2019 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
![]() % of GDP 2019 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |