Estonia
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Previous editions
Further country information
Selected indicators for Estonia Share
Population
Population, Million persons, 2002-2022
1.3 million
Growth rate: <%population-growth-rate%>%
Income inequality
Income inequality, 0 = complete equality; 1 = complete inequality, latest available year
Education
Mathematics performance (PISA), Mean score, 2018
Reading performance (PISA), Mean score, 2018
Science performance (PISA), Mean score, 2018
CO2 emissions
Air and GHG emissions, Carbon dioxide (CO2), latest available year
6.2 tonnes per capita
GDP
Gross domestic product (GDP), US dollars/capita, 2022
Real GDP forecast, Annual growth rate (%), 2024
47 152 US$ per capita
Debt
Household debt, % of net disposable income, 2021
General government debt, % of GDP, 2021
Household debt:
79.4 % of disposable income
Government debt:
24.3 % of GDP
Tax
Tax on personal income, % of GDP, 2021
6.8 % of GDP
Unemployment
<%unemployment-latest-value-info-bubble%>
<%unemployment-latest-value%> % of labour force
Country profile of Estonia
Agriculture | Latest | Trend | Ranking | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Agricultural landIndicator |
280.85
Permanent pasture Thousand hectares 2021 Estonia Thousand hectares |
![]() Thousand hectares 2002-2021 Estonia (red) |
![]() Thousand hectares 2021 Estonia (red) |
|
Agricultural supportIndicator | ||||
Crop productionIndicator | ||||
Fish landingsIndicator |
55 918.3
National landings in domestic ports Tonnes 2020 Estonia Tonnes |
![]() Tonnes 2005-2020 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
![]() Tonnes 2020 Estonia (red) |
|
Nutrient balanceIndicator |
28.0
Nitrogen Kilograms/hectare 2012 Estonia Kilograms/hectare |
![]() Kilograms/hectare 2004-2012 Estonia (red) |
![]() Kilograms/hectare 2019 |
Find all indicators on Agriculture
Development | Latest | Trend | Ranking | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Distribution of net ODAIndicator |
3.8
Least developed countries Million US dollars 2021 Estonia Million US dollars |
![]() Million US dollars 2002-2021 Estonia (red), DAC Countries (black) |
![]() Million US dollars 2021 Estonia (red), DAC Countries (black) |
|
Grants by private agencies and NGOsIndicator |
-0.5
Total Million US dollars 2021 Estonia Million US dollars |
![]() Million US dollars 2014-2021 Estonia (red), DAC Countries (black) |
||
Net ODAIndicator |
0.5
ODA grant equivalent % of gross national income 2022 Estonia % of gross national income |
![]() % of gross national income 2018-2022 Estonia (red), DAC Countries (black) |
![]() % of gross national income 2022 Estonia (red), DAC Countries (black) |
|
Private flowsIndicator | ||||
Total official and private flowsIndicator |
59.8
Total Million US dollars 2021 Estonia Million US dollars |
![]() Million US dollars 2021 Estonia (red), DAC Countries (black) |
Find all indicators on Development
Economy | Latest | Trend | Ranking | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Composite leading indicator (CLI)Indicator | ||||
Household disposable incomeIndicator | ||||
Labour compensation per hour workedIndicator |
7.7
Total Annual growth rate (%) 2022 Estonia Annual growth rate (%) |
![]() Annual growth rate (%) 2003-2022 Estonia (red) |
![]() Annual growth rate (%) 2021 Estonia (red) |
|
Net national incomeIndicator |
35 292
Total US dollars/capita 2021 Estonia US dollars/capita |
![]() US dollars/capita 2002-2021 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
![]() US dollars/capita 2021 Estonia (red) |
|
Trade in goods and servicesIndicator |
85.5
Exports % of GDP 2022 Estonia % of GDP |
![]() % of GDP 2003-2022 Estonia (red) |
![]() % of GDP 2022 Estonia (red) |
Find all indicators on Economy
Education | Latest | Trend | Ranking | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Education spendingIndicator |
17 930
Tertiary US dollars/student 2020 Estonia US dollars/student |
![]() US dollars/student 2005-2020 Estonia (red) |
![]() US dollars/student 2020 Estonia (red) |
|
Mathematics performance (PISA)Indicator |
528
Boys Mean score 2018 Estonia Mean score |
![]() Mean score 2006-2018 Estonia (red), OECD - Average (black) |
![]() Mean score 2018 Estonia (red), OECD - Average (black) |
|
Reading performance (PISA)Indicator |
508
Boys Mean score 2018 Estonia Mean score |
![]() Mean score 2006-2018 Estonia (red), OECD - Average (black) |
![]() Mean score 2018 Estonia (red), OECD - Average (black) |
|
Science performance (PISA)Indicator |
528
Boys Mean score 2018 Estonia Mean score |
![]() Mean score 2006-2018 Estonia (red), OECD - Average (black) |
![]() Mean score 2018 Estonia (red), OECD - Average (black) |
|
Youth not in employment, education or training (NEET)Indicator |
8.8
15-19 year-old men % in same age group 2022 Estonia % in same age group |
![]() % in same age group 2003-2022 Estonia (red), OECD - Average (black) |
![]() % in same age group 2022 Estonia (red), OECD - Average (black) |
Find all indicators on Education
Energy | Latest | Trend | Ranking | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Crude oil productionIndicator |
0.0
Total Thousand toe 2021 Estonia Thousand toe |
![]() Thousand toe 2002-2021 Estonia (red) |
![]() Thousand toe 2021 Estonia (red) |
|
Infrastructure investmentIndicator |
281 000 000.00
Road Euro 2021 Estonia Euro |
![]() Euro 2002-2021 Estonia (red) |
![]() Euro 2021 Estonia (red) |
|
Passenger transportIndicator | ||||
Primary energy supplyIndicator |
0.10
Total Toe/1 000 US dollars 2022 Estonia Toe/1 000 US dollars |
![]() Toe/1 000 US dollars 2003-2022 Estonia (red) |
![]() Toe/1 000 US dollars 2022 Estonia (red) |
|
Road accidentsIndicator |
4
Deaths Per 1 000 000 inhabitants 2021 Estonia Per 1 000 000 inhabitants |
![]() Per 1 000 000 inhabitants 2002-2021 Estonia (red) |
![]() Per 1 000 000 inhabitants 2021 Estonia (red) |
Environment | Latest | Trend | Ranking | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Air and GHG emissionsIndicator |
6.2
Carbon dioxide (CO2) Tonnes/capita 2021 Estonia Tonnes/capita |
![]() Tonnes/capita 2002-2021 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
![]() Tonnes/capita 2021 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
|
Municipal wasteIndicator |
394.5
Total Kilograms/capita 2021 Estonia Kilograms/capita |
![]() Kilograms/capita 2002-2021 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
![]() Kilograms/capita 2020 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
|
Water withdrawalsIndicator |
993.7
Total Million m3 2021 Estonia Million m3 |
![]() Million m3 2002-2021 Estonia (red) |
![]() Million m3 2020 Estonia (red) |
Find all indicators on Environment
Finance | Latest | Trend | Ranking | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Broad money (M3)Indicator | ||||
Long-term interest ratesIndicator |
4.2
Total % per annum Aug-2023 Estonia % per annum |
![]() % per annum Jan-2022-Aug-2023 Estonia (red) |
![]() % per annum Aug-2023 Estonia (red) |
|
Net pension replacement ratesIndicator |
33.8
Men % of pre-retirement earnings 2020 Estonia % of pre-retirement earnings |
![]() % of pre-retirement earnings 2014-2020 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
![]() % of pre-retirement earnings 2020 Estonia (red) |
|
Net pension wealthIndicator |
4.8
Men Multiple of annual gross earnings 2020 Estonia Multiple of annual gross earnings |
![]() Multiple of annual gross earnings 2014-2020 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
![]() Multiple of annual gross earnings 2020 Estonia (red) |
|
Short-term interest ratesIndicator |
3.8
Total % per annum Aug-2023 Estonia % per annum |
![]() % per annum Jan-2022-Aug-2023 Estonia (red), Euro area (19 countries) (black) |
![]() % per annum Aug-2023 Estonia (red), Euro area (19 countries) (black) |
Find all indicators on Finance
Government | Latest | Trend | Ranking | |
---|---|---|---|---|
General government spendingIndicator |
41.5
Total % of GDP 2021 Estonia % of GDP |
![]() % of GDP 2002-2021 Estonia (red) |
![]() % of GDP 2021 Estonia (red) |
|
Government reservesIndicator |
295.1
Total SDR millions Q4-2014 Estonia SDR millions |
![]() SDR millions Q1-2010-Q4-2014 Estonia (red) |
![]() SDR millions Q4-2014 Estonia (red) |
|
Tax on corporate profitsIndicator |
1.5
Total % of GDP 2021 Estonia % of GDP |
![]() % of GDP 2002-2021 Estonia (red), OECD - Average (black) |
![]() % of GDP 2021 Estonia (red) |
|
Tax revenueIndicator |
33.5
Total % of GDP 2021 Estonia % of GDP |
![]() % of GDP 2002-2021 Estonia (red), OECD - Average (black) |
![]() % of GDP 2021 Estonia (red), OECD - Average (black) |
|
Tax wedgeIndicator |
39.0
Total % of labour cost 2022 Estonia % of labour cost |
![]() % of labour cost 2003-2022 Estonia (red), OECD - Average (black) |
![]() % of labour cost 2022 Estonia (red), OECD - Average (black) |
Find all indicators on Government
Health | Latest | Trend | Ranking | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Health spendingIndicator |
3 091
Total US dollars/capita 2022 Estonia US dollars/capita |
![]() US dollars/capita 2003-2022 Estonia (red) |
![]() US dollars/capita 2022 Estonia (red) |
|
Hospital bedsIndicator |
4.4
Total Per 1 000 inhabitants 2021 Estonia Per 1 000 inhabitants |
![]() Per 1 000 inhabitants 2002-2021 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
![]() Per 1 000 inhabitants 2021 Estonia (red) |
|
Length of hospital stayIndicator |
6.30
Acute care Days 2021 Estonia Days |
![]() Days 2002-2021 Estonia (red) |
![]() Days 2021 Estonia (red) |
|
Life expectancy at birthIndicator |
72.7
Men Years 2021 Estonia Years |
![]() Years 2002-2021 Estonia (red) |
![]() Years 2021 Estonia (red) |
|
Overweight or obese populationIndicator |
51.3
Measured % of population aged 15+ 2014 Estonia % of population aged 15+ |
![]() % of population aged 15+ 2014 Estonia (red) |
Innovation and Technology | Latest | Trend | Ranking | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Gross domestic spending on R&DIndicator |
1.8
Total % of GDP 2021 Estonia % of GDP |
![]() % of GDP 2002-2021 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
![]() % of GDP 2021 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
|
ICT value addedIndicator |
6.9
Total % of value added 2011 Estonia % of value added |
![]() % of value added 2011 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
||
Internet accessIndicator |
92.4
Total % of all households 2022 Estonia % of all households |
![]() % of all households 2005-2022 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
![]() % of all households 2022 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
|
Mobile broadband subscriptionsIndicator | ||||
Triadic patent familiesIndicator |
4.3
Total Number 2020 Estonia Number |
![]() Number 2001-2020 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
![]() Number 2020 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
Find all indicators on Innovation and Technology
Jobs | Latest | Trend | Ranking | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Average wagesIndicator |
34 704.6
Total US dollars 2022 Estonia US dollars |
![]() US dollars 2003-2022 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
![]() US dollars 2022 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
|
Employment rateIndicator |
76.5
Total % of working age population Q1-2023 Estonia % of working age population |
![]() % of working age population Q2-2018-Q1-2023 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
![]() % of working age population Q1-2023 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
|
Hours workedIndicator |
1 770
Total Hours/worker 2022 Estonia Hours/worker |
![]() Hours/worker 2003-2022 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
![]() Hours/worker 2022 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
|
Long-term unemployment rateIndicator |
22.3
Total % of unemployed 2022 Estonia % of unemployed |
![]() % of unemployed 2003-2022 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
![]() % of unemployed 2022 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
|
Self-employment rateIndicator |
8.6
Total % of employment 1999 Estonia % of employment |
![]() % of employment 1995-1999 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
![]() % of employment 2022 |
Society | Latest | Trend | Ranking | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Fertility ratesIndicator |
1.61
Total Children/woman 2021 Estonia Children/woman |
![]() Children/woman 2002-2021 Estonia (red), OECD - Average (black) |
![]() Children/woman 2021 Estonia (red), OECD - Average (black) |
|
National population distributionIndicator |
11.5
Urban regions Percentage 2014 Estonia Percentage |
![]() Percentage 2014 Estonia (red) |
||
Permanent immigrant inflowsIndicator | ||||
Poverty rateIndicator |
0.16
Total Ratio 2020 Estonia Ratio |
![]() Ratio 2013-2020 Estonia (red) |
![]() Ratio 2020 Estonia (red) |
|
Social spendingIndicator |
17.2
Public % of GDP 2022 Estonia % of GDP |
![]() % of GDP 2003-2022 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
![]() % of GDP 2022 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |