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Estonia

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Country statistical profile

Further country information

Selected indicators for Estonia

Population

Population, Million persons, 1994-2014
Population, Annual growth rate (%), 2014

1.3 million

Growth rate: -0.2%

Income inequality

Income inequality, 0 = complete equality; 1 = complete inequality, latest available year

Education

Mathematics performance (PISA), Mean score, 2015
Reading performance (PISA), Mean score, 2015
Science performance (PISA), Mean score, 2015

CO2 emissions

Air and GHG emissions, Carbon dioxide (CO2), latest available year

11.8 tonnes per capita

GDP

Gross domestic product (GDP), US dollars/capita, 2016
Real GDP forecast, Annual growth rate (%), 2019

29 741 US$ per capita

Projected growth rate: 3.0%

Debt

Household debt, % of net disposable income, 2016
General government debt, % of GDP, 2016

Household debt:
80.6 % of disposable income

Government debt:
13.1 % of GDP

Tax

Tax on personal income, % of GDP, 2016

Tax on personal income:
6.0 % of GDP

Unemployment

Unemployment rate, % of labour force, 1997-2017

5.8 % of labour force

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Country profile of Estonia

AgricultureLatestTrendRanking
Agricultural landIndicator 315 Permanent pasture
Hectares
2015
Estonia Hectares 		Permanent pasture
Hectares
1996-2015
Estonia (red) 		Permanent pasture
Hectares
2015
Estonia (red)
Agricultural supportIndicator
Crop productionIndicator
Fish landingsIndicator 52 470.1 National landings in domestic ports
Tonnes
2014
Estonia Tonnes 		National landings in domestic ports
Tonnes
1995-2014
Estonia (red) 		National landings in domestic ports
Tonnes
2013
Estonia (red)
Nutrient balanceIndicator 22.0 Nitrogen
Kilograms/hectare
2014
Estonia Kilograms/hectare 		Nitrogen
Kilograms/hectare
2004-2014
Estonia (red) 		Nitrogen
Kilograms/hectare
2014
Estonia (red)

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DevelopmentLatestTrendRanking
Distribution of net ODAIndicator 1.5 Least developed countries
Million US dollars
2016
Estonia Million US dollars 		Least developed countries
Million US dollars
2002-2016
Estonia (red), DAC Countries (black) 		Least developed countries
Million US dollars
2016
Estonia (red), DAC Countries (black)
Grants by private agencies and NGOsIndicator -0.4 Total
Million US dollars
2015
Estonia Million US dollars 		Total
Million US dollars
2014-2015
Estonia (red), DAC Countries (black)
Net ODAIndicator 0.2 Total
% of gross national income
2017
Estonia % of gross national income 		Total
% of gross national income
2004-2017
Estonia (red), DAC Countries (black) 		Total
% of gross national income
2017
Estonia (red), DAC Countries (black)
Private flowsIndicator
Total official and private flowsIndicator

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EconomyLatestTrendRanking
Composite leading indicator (CLI)Indicator 99.33 Amplitude adjusted
Long-term average = 100
Feb-2018
Estonia Long-term average = 100
Household disposable incomeIndicator 3.8 Net
Annual growth rate (%)
2016
Estonia Annual growth rate (%) 		Net
Annual growth rate (%)
1997-2016
Estonia (red) 		Net
Annual growth rate (%)
2016
Estonia (red)
Labour compensation per hour workedIndicator 5.1 Total
Annual growth rate (%)
2017
Estonia Annual growth rate (%) 		Total
Annual growth rate (%)
2001-2017
Estonia (red) 		Total
Annual growth rate (%)
2016
Estonia (red)
Net national incomeIndicator 24 443 Total
US dollars/capita
2016
Estonia US dollars/capita 		Total
US dollars/capita
2000-2016
Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) 		Total
US dollars/capita
2016
Estonia (red)
Trade in goods and servicesIndicator 77.6 Exports
% of GDP
2017
Estonia % of GDP 		Exports
% of GDP
1998-2017
Estonia (red) 		Exports
% of GDP
2017
Estonia (red)

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EducationLatestTrendRanking
Education spendingIndicator 12 375 Tertiary
US dollars/student
2014
Estonia US dollars/student 		Tertiary
US dollars/student
2012-2014
Estonia (red) 		Tertiary
US dollars/student
2014
Estonia (red)
Mathematics performance (PISA)Indicator 522 Boys
Mean score
2015
Estonia Mean score 		Boys
Mean score
2006-2015
Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) 		Boys
Mean score
2015
Estonia (red)
Reading performance (PISA)Indicator 505 Boys
Mean score
2015
Estonia Mean score 		Boys
Mean score
2006-2015
Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) 		Boys
Mean score
2015
Estonia (red)
Science performance (PISA)Indicator 536 Boys
Mean score
2015
Estonia Mean score 		Boys
Mean score
2006-2015
Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) 		Boys
Mean score
2015
Estonia (red)
Youth not in employment, education or training (NEET)Indicator 3.1 15-19 year-old men
% in same age group
2016
Estonia % in same age group 		15-19 year-old men
% in same age group
2003-2016
Estonia (red), OECD - Average (black) 		15-19 year-old men
% in same age group
2016
Estonia (red), OECD - Average (black)

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EnergyLatestTrendRanking
Crude oil productionIndicator 0.0 Total
Thousand toe
2016
Estonia Thousand toe 		Total
Thousand toe
1997-2016
Estonia (red) 		Total
Thousand toe
2016
Estonia (red)
Infrastructure investmentIndicator 174 800 000.00 Road
Euro
2015
Estonia Euro 		Road
Euro
1996-2015
Estonia (red) 		Road
Euro
2015
Estonia (red)
Passenger transportIndicator 2 995.0 Road
Million passenger-kilometres
2016
Estonia Million passenger-kilometres 		Road
Million passenger-kilometres
1997-2016
Estonia (red) 		Road
Million passenger-kilometres
2015
Estonia (red)
Primary energy supplyIndicator 0.17 Total
Toe/1 000 US dollars
2016
Estonia Toe/1 000 US dollars 		Total
Toe/1 000 US dollars
1997-2016
Estonia (red) 		Total
Toe/1 000 US dollars
2016
Estonia (red)
Road accidentsIndicator 48 Deaths
Per 1 000 000 inhabitants
2016
Estonia Per 1 000 000 inhabitants 		Deaths
Per 1 000 000 inhabitants
1997-2016
Estonia (red) 		Deaths
Per 1 000 000 inhabitants
2016
Estonia (red)

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EnvironmentLatestTrendRanking
Air and GHG emissionsIndicator 11.8 Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Tonnes/capita
2015
Estonia Tonnes/capita 		Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Tonnes/capita
1996-2015
Estonia (red) 		Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Tonnes/capita
2015
Estonia (red)
Municipal wasteIndicator 376.7 Total
Kilograms/capita
2016
Estonia Kilograms/capita 		Total
Kilograms/capita
1997-2016
Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) 		Total
Kilograms/capita
2016
Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black)
Water withdrawalsIndicator 1 756.2 Total
Million m3
2016
Estonia Million m3 		Total
Million m3
1996-2016
Estonia (red) 		Total
Million m3
2012
Estonia (red)

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FinanceLatestTrendRanking
Broad money (M3)Indicator
Long-term interest ratesIndicator
Net pension replacement ratesIndicator 57.4 Men
% of pre-retirement earnings
2016
Estonia % of pre-retirement earnings 		Men
% of pre-retirement earnings
2014-2016
Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) 		Men
% of pre-retirement earnings
2016
Estonia (red)
Net pension wealthIndicator 9.5 Men
Multiple of annual gross earnings
2016
Estonia Multiple of annual gross earnings 		Men
Multiple of annual gross earnings
2014-2016
Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) 		Men
Multiple of annual gross earnings
2016
Estonia (red)
Short-term interest ratesIndicator -0.3 Total
% per annum
Mar-2018
Estonia % per annum 		Total
% per annum
Aug-2016-Mar-2018
Estonia (red), Euro area (19 countries) (black) 		Total
% per annum
Mar-2018
Estonia (red), Euro area (19 countries) (black)

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GovernmentLatestTrendRanking
General government spendingIndicator 40.6 Total
% of GDP
2016
Estonia % of GDP 		Total
% of GDP
1997-2016
Estonia (red) 		Total
% of GDP
2016
Estonia (red)
Government reservesIndicator 295.1 Total
SDR millions
Q4-2014
Estonia SDR millions 		Total
SDR millions
Q1-2010-Q4-2014
Estonia (red) 		Total
SDR millions
Q4-2014
Estonia (red)
Tax on corporate profitsIndicator 1.8 Total
% of GDP
2016
Estonia % of GDP 		Total
% of GDP
1997-2016
Estonia (red), OECD - Average (black) 		Total
% of GDP
2016
Estonia (red)
Tax revenueIndicator 34.7 Total
% of GDP
2016
Estonia % of GDP 		Total
% of GDP
1997-2016
Estonia (red), OECD - Average (black) 		Total
% of GDP
2016
Estonia (red), OECD - Average (black)
Tax wedgeIndicator 38.9 Total
% of labour cost
2016
Estonia % of labour cost 		Total
% of labour cost
2000-2016
Estonia (red), OECD - Average (black) 		Total
% of labour cost
2016
Estonia (red), OECD - Average (black)

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HealthLatestTrendRanking
Health spendingIndicator 1 989 Total
US dollars/capita
2016
Estonia US dollars/capita 		Total
US dollars/capita
1999-2016
Estonia (red) 		Total
US dollars/capita
2016
Estonia (red)
Hospital bedsIndicator 5.0 Total
Per 1 000 inhabitants
2015
Estonia Per 1 000 inhabitants 		Total
Per 1 000 inhabitants
1996-2015
Estonia (red) 		Total
Per 1 000 inhabitants
2015
Estonia (red)
Length of hospital stayIndicator 5.50 Acute care
Days
2015
Estonia Days 		Acute care
Days
1996-2015
Estonia (red) 		Acute care
Days
2015
Estonia (red)
Life expectancy at birthIndicator 73.2 Men
Years
2015
Estonia Years 		Men
Years
1996-2015
Estonia (red) 		Men
Years
2015
Estonia (red)
Overweight or obese populationIndicator 51.3 Measured
% of population aged 15+
2014
Estonia % of population aged 15+ 		Measured
% of population aged 15+
2014
Estonia (red)

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Innovation and TechnologyLatestTrendRanking
Gross domestic spending on R&DIndicator 1.3 Total
% of GDP
2016
Estonia % of GDP 		Total
% of GDP
1998-2016
Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) 		Total
% of GDP
2016
Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black)
ICT value addedIndicator 6.9 Total
% of value added
2011
Estonia % of value added 		Total
% of value added
2011
Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black)
Internet accessIndicator 88.3 Total
% of all households
2017
Estonia % of all households 		Total
% of all households
2005-2017
Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) 		Total
% of all households
2017
Estonia (red)
Triadic patent familiesIndicator 9.7 Total
Number
2015
Estonia Number 		Total
Number
1996-2015
Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) 		Total
Number
2015
Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black)
Wireless mobile broadband subscriptionsIndicator 116.5 Total
Per 100 inhabitants
Q2-2016
Estonia Per 100 inhabitants 		Total
Per 100 inhabitants
Q2-2010-Q2-2016
Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) 		Total
Per 100 inhabitants
Q2-2016
Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black)

Find all indicators on Innovation and Technology

JobsLatestTrendRanking
Average wagesIndicator 23 621.0 Total
US dollars
2016
Estonia US dollars 		Total
US dollars
1997-2016
Estonia (red) 		Total
US dollars
2016
Estonia (red)
Employment rateIndicator 75.8 Total
% of working age population
Q4-2017
Estonia % of working age population 		Total
% of working age population
Q1-2013-Q4-2017
Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) 		Total
% of working age population
Q4-2017
Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black)
Hours workedIndicator 1 855 Total
Hours/worker
2016
Estonia Hours/worker 		Total
Hours/worker
2000-2016
Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) 		Total
Hours/worker
2016
Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black)
Long-term unemployment rateIndicator 31.6 Total
% of unemployed
2016
Estonia % of unemployed 		Total
% of unemployed
1997-2016
Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) 		Total
% of unemployed
2016
Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black)
Self-employment rateIndicator 8.6 Total
% of employment
1999
Estonia % of employment 		Total
% of employment
1995-1999
Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) 		Total
% of employment
2016

Find all indicators on Jobs

SocietyLatestTrendRanking
Fertility ratesIndicator 1.60 Total
Children/woman
2015
Estonia Children/woman 		Total
Children/woman
1996-2015
Estonia (red) 		Total
Children/woman
2015
Estonia (red)
National population distributionIndicator 11.5 Urban regions
Percentage
2014
Estonia Percentage 		Urban regions
Percentage
2014
Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black)
Permanent immigrant inflowsIndicator
Poverty rateIndicator 0.16 Total
Ratio
2015
Estonia Ratio 		Total
Ratio
2013-2015
Estonia (red) 		Total
Ratio
2015
Estonia (red)
Social spendingIndicator 17.4 Public
% of GDP
2016
Estonia % of GDP 		Public
% of GDP
1999-2016
Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) 		Public
% of GDP
2016
Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black)

Find all indicators on Society

Publications related to Estonia

OECD Economic Surveys: Estonia 2017OECD Economic Surveys: Estonia 2017Publication (2017)
Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes: Estonia 2018 (Second Round)Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes: Estonia 2018 (Second Round)Publication (2018)
Innovation, Agricultural Productivity and Sustainability in EstoniaInnovation, Agricultural Productivity and Sustainability in EstoniaPublication (2018)
OECD Environmental Performance Reviews: Estonia 2017OECD Environmental Performance Reviews: Estonia 2017Publication (2017)

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