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Previous editions
Further country information
Selected indicators for Estonia Share
Population
Population, Million persons, 2002-2022
1.3 million
Growth rate: <%population-growth-rate%>%
Income inequality
Income inequality, 0 = complete equality; 1 = complete inequality, latest available year
Education
Mathematics performance (PISA), Mean score, 2018
Reading performance (PISA), Mean score, 2018
Science performance (PISA), Mean score, 2018
CO2 emissions
Air and GHG emissions, Carbon dioxide (CO2), latest available year
6.6 tonnes per capita
GDP
Gross domestic product (GDP), US dollars/capita, 2022
Real GDP forecast, Annual growth rate (%), 2025
48 785 US$ per capita
Debt
Household debt, % of net disposable income, 2022
General government debt, % of GDP, 2022
Household debt:
80.9 % of disposable income
Government debt:
25.4 % of GDP
Tax
Tax on personal income, % of GDP, 2022
6.3 % of GDP
Unemployment
<%unemployment-latest-value-info-bubble%>
<%unemployment-latest-value%> % of labour force
Country profile of Estonia
Agriculture | Latest | Trend | Ranking | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Agricultural landIndicator |
280.85
Permanent pasture Thousand hectares 2021 Estonia Thousand hectares |
Permanent pasture Thousand hectares 2002-2021 Estonia (red) |
Permanent pasture Thousand hectares 2021 Estonia (red) |
|
Agricultural supportIndicator | ||||
Crop productionIndicator | ||||
Fish landingsIndicator |
55 918.3
National landings in domestic ports Tonnes 2020 Estonia Tonnes |
National landings in domestic ports Tonnes 2005-2020 Estonia (red) |
National landings in domestic ports Tonnes 2020 Estonia (red) |
|
Nutrient balanceIndicator |
28.0
Nitrogen Kilograms/hectare 2012 Estonia Kilograms/hectare |
Nitrogen Kilograms/hectare 2004-2012 Estonia (red) |
Nitrogen Kilograms/hectare 2019 |
Find all indicators on Agriculture
Development | Latest | Trend | Ranking | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Distribution of net ODAIndicator |
0.5
Least developed countries Million US dollars 2022 Estonia Million US dollars |
Least developed countries Million US dollars 2002-2022 Estonia (red), DAC Countries (black) |
Least developed countries Million US dollars 2022 Estonia (red), DAC Countries (black) |
|
Grants by private agencies and NGOsIndicator |
-0.5
Total Million US dollars 2021 Estonia Million US dollars |
Total Million US dollars 2014-2021 Estonia (red), DAC Countries (black) |
||
Net ODAIndicator |
0.5
ODA grant equivalent % of gross national income 2022 Estonia % of gross national income |
ODA grant equivalent % of gross national income 2018-2022 Estonia (red), DAC Countries (black) |
ODA grant equivalent % of gross national income 2022 Estonia (red), DAC Countries (black) |
|
Private flowsIndicator | ||||
Total official and private flowsIndicator |
196.2
Total Million US dollars 2022 Estonia Million US dollars |
Total Million US dollars 2021-2022 Estonia (red), DAC Countries (black) |
Total Million US dollars 2022 Estonia (red), DAC Countries (black) |
Find all indicators on Development
Economy | Latest | Trend | Ranking | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Composite leading indicator (CLI)Indicator | ||||
Household disposable incomeIndicator | ||||
Labour compensation per hour workedIndicator |
7.7
Total Annual growth rate (%) 2022 Estonia Annual growth rate (%) |
Total Annual growth rate (%) 2003-2022 Estonia (red) |
Total Annual growth rate (%) 2022 Estonia (red) |
|
Net national incomeIndicator |
39 520
Total US dollars/capita 2022 Estonia US dollars/capita |
Total US dollars/capita 2003-2022 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
Total US dollars/capita 2022 Estonia (red) |
|
Trade in goods and servicesIndicator |
85.5
Exports % of GDP 2022 Estonia % of GDP |
Exports % of GDP 2003-2022 Estonia (red) |
Exports % of GDP 2022 Estonia (red) |
Find all indicators on Economy
Education | Latest | Trend | Ranking | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Education spendingIndicator |
17 930
Tertiary US dollars/student 2020 Estonia US dollars/student |
Tertiary US dollars/student 2005-2020 Estonia (red) |
Tertiary US dollars/student 2020 Estonia (red) |
|
Mathematics performance (PISA)Indicator |
528
Boys Mean score 2018 Estonia Mean score |
Boys Mean score 2006-2018 Estonia (red), OECD - Average (black) |
Boys Mean score 2018 Estonia (red), OECD - Average (black) |
|
Reading performance (PISA)Indicator |
508
Boys Mean score 2018 Estonia Mean score |
Boys Mean score 2006-2018 Estonia (red), OECD - Average (black) |
Boys Mean score 2018 Estonia (red), OECD - Average (black) |
|
Science performance (PISA)Indicator |
528
Boys Mean score 2018 Estonia Mean score |
Boys Mean score 2006-2018 Estonia (red), OECD - Average (black) |
Boys Mean score 2018 Estonia (red), OECD - Average (black) |
|
Youth not in employment, education or training (NEET)Indicator |
8.8
15-19 year-old men % in same age group 2022 Estonia % in same age group |
15-19 year-old men % in same age group 2003-2022 Estonia (red), OECD - Average (black) |
15-19 year-old men % in same age group 2022 Estonia (red), OECD - Average (black) |
Find all indicators on Education
Energy | Latest | Trend | Ranking | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Crude oil productionIndicator |
0.0
Total Thousand toe 2021 Estonia Thousand toe |
Total Thousand toe 2002-2021 Estonia (red) |
Total Thousand toe 2021 Estonia (red) |
|
Infrastructure investmentIndicator |
281 000 000.00
Road Euro 2021 Estonia Euro |
Road Euro 2002-2021 Estonia (red) |
Road Euro 2021 Estonia (red) |
|
Passenger transportIndicator | ||||
Primary energy supplyIndicator |
0.10
Total Toe/1 000 US dollars 2022 Estonia Toe/1 000 US dollars |
Total Toe/1 000 US dollars 2003-2022 Estonia (red) |
Total Toe/1 000 US dollars 2022 Estonia (red) |
|
Road accidentsIndicator |
3
Deaths Per 1 000 000 inhabitants 2022 Estonia Per 1 000 000 inhabitants |
Deaths Per 1 000 000 inhabitants 2003-2022 Estonia (red) |
Deaths Per 1 000 000 inhabitants 2022 Estonia (red) |
Environment | Latest | Trend | Ranking | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Air and GHG emissionsIndicator |
6.6
Carbon dioxide (CO2) Tonnes/capita 2022 Estonia Tonnes/capita |
Carbon dioxide (CO2) Tonnes/capita 2003-2022 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
Carbon dioxide (CO2) Tonnes/capita 2022 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
|
Municipal wasteIndicator |
394.5
Total Kilograms/capita 2021 Estonia Kilograms/capita |
Total Kilograms/capita 2002-2021 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
Total Kilograms/capita 2020 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
|
Water withdrawalsIndicator |
993.7
Total Million m3 2021 Estonia Million m3 |
Total Million m3 2002-2021 Estonia (red) |
Total Million m3 2020 Estonia (red) |
Find all indicators on Environment
Finance | Latest | Trend | Ranking | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Broad money (M3)Indicator | ||||
Long-term interest ratesIndicator |
3.7
Total % per annum Nov-2023 Estonia % per annum |
Total % per annum Apr-2022-Nov-2023 Estonia (red) |
Total % per annum Nov-2023 Estonia (red) |
|
Net pension replacement ratesIndicator |
34.4
Men % of pre-retirement earnings 2022 Estonia % of pre-retirement earnings |
Men % of pre-retirement earnings 2014-2022 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
Men % of pre-retirement earnings 2022 Estonia (red) |
|
Net pension wealthIndicator |
5.6
Men Multiple of annual gross earnings 2022 Estonia Multiple of annual gross earnings |
Men Multiple of annual gross earnings 2014-2022 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
Men Multiple of annual gross earnings 2022 Estonia (red) |
|
Short-term interest ratesIndicator |
4.0
Total % per annum Nov-2023 Estonia % per annum |
Total % per annum Apr-2022-Nov-2023 Estonia (red), Euro area (19 countries) (black) |
Total % per annum Nov-2023 Estonia (red), Euro area (19 countries) (black) |
Find all indicators on Finance
Government | Latest | Trend | Ranking | |
---|---|---|---|---|
General government spendingIndicator |
41.5
Total % of GDP 2021 Estonia % of GDP |
Total % of GDP 2002-2021 Estonia (red) |
Total % of GDP 2021 Estonia (red) |
|
Government reservesIndicator |
295.1
Total SDR millions Q4-2014 Estonia SDR millions |
Total SDR millions Q1-2010-Q4-2014 Estonia (red) |
Total SDR millions Q4-2014 Estonia (red) |
|
Tax on corporate profitsIndicator |
1.6
Total % of GDP 2022 Estonia % of GDP |
Total % of GDP 2003-2022 Estonia (red), OECD - Average (black) |
Total % of GDP 2022 Estonia (red) |
|
Tax revenueIndicator |
32.8
Total % of GDP 2022 Estonia % of GDP |
Total % of GDP 2003-2022 Estonia (red), OECD - Average (black) |
Total % of GDP 2022 Estonia (red), OECD - Average (black) |
|
Tax wedgeIndicator |
39.0
Total % of labour cost 2022 Estonia % of labour cost |
Total % of labour cost 2003-2022 Estonia (red), OECD - Average (black) |
Total % of labour cost 2022 Estonia (red), OECD - Average (black) |
Find all indicators on Government
Health | Latest | Trend | Ranking | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Health spendingIndicator |
3 103
Total US dollars/capita 2022 Estonia US dollars/capita |
Total US dollars/capita 2003-2022 Estonia (red) |
Total US dollars/capita 2022 Estonia (red) |
|
Hospital bedsIndicator |
4.4
Total Per 1 000 inhabitants 2021 Estonia Per 1 000 inhabitants |
Total Per 1 000 inhabitants 2002-2021 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
Total Per 1 000 inhabitants 2021 Estonia (red) |
|
Length of hospital stayIndicator |
6.30
Acute care Days 2021 Estonia Days |
Acute care Days 2002-2021 Estonia (red) |
Acute care Days 2021 Estonia (red) |
|
Life expectancy at birthIndicator |
73.7
Men Years 2022 Estonia Years |
Men Years 2003-2022 Estonia (red) |
Men Years 2022 Estonia (red) |
|
Overweight or obese populationIndicator |
51.3
Measured % of population aged 15+ 2014 Estonia % of population aged 15+ |
Measured % of population aged 15+ 2014 Estonia (red) |
Innovation and Technology | Latest | Trend | Ranking | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Gross domestic spending on R&DIndicator |
1.8
Total % of GDP 2021 Estonia % of GDP |
Total % of GDP 2002-2021 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
Total % of GDP 2021 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
|
ICT value addedIndicator |
6.9
Total % of value added 2011 Estonia % of value added |
Total % of value added 2011 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
||
Internet accessIndicator |
93.2
Total % of all households 2023 Estonia % of all households |
Total % of all households 2005-2023 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
Total % of all households 2023 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
|
Mobile broadband subscriptionsIndicator |
204.1
Total Per 100 inhabitants 2022 Estonia Per 100 inhabitants |
Total Per 100 inhabitants 2010-2022 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
Total Per 100 inhabitants 2022 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
|
Triadic patent familiesIndicator |
4.3
Total Number 2020 Estonia Number |
Total Number 2001-2020 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
Total Number 2020 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
Find all indicators on Innovation and Technology
Jobs | Latest | Trend | Ranking | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Average wagesIndicator |
34 704.6
Total US dollars 2022 Estonia US dollars |
Total US dollars 2003-2022 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
Total US dollars 2022 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
|
Employment rateIndicator |
76.1
Total % of working age population Q3-2023 Estonia % of working age population |
Total % of working age population Q4-2018-Q3-2023 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
Total % of working age population Q3-2023 Estonia (red) |
|
Hours workedIndicator |
1 770
Total Hours/worker 2022 Estonia Hours/worker |
Total Hours/worker 2003-2022 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
Total Hours/worker 2022 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
|
Long-term unemployment rateIndicator |
22.3
Total % of unemployed 2022 Estonia % of unemployed |
Total % of unemployed 2003-2022 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
Total % of unemployed 2022 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
|
Self-employment rateIndicator |
8.6
Total % of employment 1999 Estonia % of employment |
Total % of employment 1995-1999 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
Total % of employment 2022 |
Society | Latest | Trend | Ranking | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Fertility ratesIndicator |
1.61
Total Children/woman 2021 Estonia Children/woman |
Total Children/woman 2002-2021 Estonia (red), OECD - Average (black) |
Total Children/woman 2021 Estonia (red), OECD - Average (black) |
|
National population distributionIndicator |
11.5
Urban regions Percentage 2014 Estonia Percentage |
Urban regions Percentage 2014 Estonia (red) |
||
Permanent immigrant inflowsIndicator |
32 189.0
Total Number 2022 Estonia Number |
Total Number 2012-2022 Estonia (red) |
Total Number 2022 Estonia (red) |
|
Poverty rateIndicator |
0.16
Total Ratio 2021 Estonia Ratio |
Total Ratio 2013-2021 Estonia (red) |
Total Ratio 2021 Estonia (red) |
|
Social spendingIndicator |
17.2
Public % of GDP 2022 Estonia % of GDP |
Public % of GDP 2003-2022 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |
Public % of GDP 2022 Estonia (red), OECD - Total (black) |